Physicist Richard Feynman delivered a talk in 1959 entitled "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom", in which he commented that there were no fundamental physical reasons that materials could not be fabricated by maneuvering individual atoms. This ground breaking talk opened the gate towards to the marvel nano-world. Over the past decade, nanomaterials have been the subject of enormous interest. These materials, notable for their extremely small feature size, have the potential for wide-ranging industrial, biomedical, and electronic applications. As a result of recent improvement in technologies to see and manipulate these materials, the nanomaterials field has seen a huge increase in funding from private enterprises and government, and academic researchers within the field have formed many partnerships. The variety of nanomaterials is great, and their range of properties and possible applications appear to be enormous. It is clear that researchers are merely on the threshold of understanding and development, and that a great deal of fundamental work remains to be done.